Case Control Study Of Oral Health Research †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Case Control Study Of Oral Health Research. Answer: The Study Design The study design refers to the mode of research a researcher employs in examining the characteristics of a phenomena. Therefore, in this case, the type of this study design is a case-control study. The case-control study is used to carry out oral health research whereby the investigators carrying out the research chooses people who do not have certain condition and examines them after certain duration of time (Lewallen Courtright, n.d.). The case-control study design employs variety of techniques and assumptions whereby in the study, the prevalence of the condition or the disease being investigated is usually assumed to be low. The cases and controls in the study are the study representatives of the population being investigated, and direct calculation of eventual risk (Kyoungmi, 2016). The Comparison Group The comparison group refers to the a collection of units, which can either be people, animals or any other study phenomena that are compared in the process of the case control study. In this case therefore, the comparison groups are the children affected within the area of the accident versus the number of children who were moved out of the area for the fear of being affected by the diseases caused by the accident. Measures of Effect and Association The measures of effect and association are outlined by the odds ratio. The odds ratio refers to the statistics that reveals how much higher the cases of disease exposure as compared to the controls. The odds ratio is calculated by dividing the number of controls within exposure by the number of controls without exposure. From this study, the exposed children to the ionizing radiation had higher chances of developing the leukemia. The Effects of Moving the Children under the Study The moving of the a certain number of children by their parents as a precaution of preventing them from the effects of the nuclear accident means that the studys eventual outcome would be affected since there would be alteration in the exact number of children the researchers had based their study on (Duanping, n.d.). The name given to the measurement for the 5% of cases of all childhood leukemia cases in the country being caused by the accident is called the measure of association. The percentage outlines the rate of the effects of the nuclear accident in percentage estimates, meaning that, not all the cases of the disease was caused by the effects of the nuclear accident. Criteria to Consider Before Coming to Conclusion One of the main factors to consider before arriving to the conclusion is the Sampling of the subjects. The records in the data collected contains all the necessary guiding information on the facts about the outcomes of the study meaning, writing of the conclusive report will only depend on the carefully sampled data (Kaelin Bayona, 2004). Secondly, there is the issue of confounders. If the disease is caused by the exposure to the ionizing radiation, it is important to establish other causes of the disease that are not part of the exposure. All these must form a basis for writing a conclusive report (Levett-Jones, et al., 2011). The other criteria are the data collecting criteria, and in the case-control study, objectivity is the most important thing to enable avoiding bias in compiling of the final report. And finally, the matching of the cases and the controls would also determine a good conclusive report, by bringing out the comparison and the relationship between the two. References Duanping, L. (n.d.). Matched Case-Control Study. Course Materials . Kaelin, M. A., Bayona, M. (2004). Case-Control Study. Young Epidemiology Scholars Scholars (YES) . Kyoungmi, K. (2016). Design and Analysis of Case-Control Studies. Seminar Proceedings . Levett-Jones, T., Hoffman, K., Dempsey, Y., Jeong, S., Noble, D., Norton, C., et al. (2011). The five rights? of clinical reasoning: an educational model to enhance nursing students? ability to identify and manage clinically "at risk" patients. Nurse Education Today , 515-520. Lewallen, S., Courtright, P. (n.d.). Epidemiology in Practice: Case-Control Stduies. Community Eye Health .